The rectus sheath, also called the rectus fascia, is formed by the aponeuroses of the transverse abdominal and the internal and external oblique muscles. It contains the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles.
What is found in the rectus sheath?
The rectus sheath is the durable, resilient, fibrous compartment that contains both the rectus abdominis muscle and the pyramidalis muscle. The fascial coverings of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles comprise the rectus sheath.
What forms the anterior wall of the rectus sheath?
Rectus Sheath The anterior wall is formed by the aponeuroses of the external oblique and half of the internal oblique. The posterior wall is formed by the aponeuroses of half of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis.
What arteries are in the rectus sheath?
The arterial supply to the rectus sheath is derived from the superior and inferior epigastric arteries. The inferior epigastric artery originates from the external iliac artery. It rises from the inguinal ligament to enter the posterior rectus sheath inferiorly.What is the rectus abdominis attached to?
Origin and insertion Inferiorly the rectus abdominis muscle is attached by two tendons; the larger one is attached to the pubic crest, from the pubic tubercle to the pectineal line, while the small, medial tendon is attached to the pubic symphysis.
Where is the rectus sheath muscle?
Rectus abdominisFMA9628Anatomical terms of muscle
Is rectus sheath connective tissue?
The rectus sheath is a multilayered aponeurosis, a fibrous sheath of dense regular connective tissue.
What is a rectus sheath hernia?
Posterior rectus sheath hernias are a type of interparietal hernias where the hernial sac lies between the various layers of the abdominal wall muscles and does not exit into the subcutaneous tissue [1, 2].What is a rectus sheath catheter?
Introduction. Rectus sheath catheters (RSCs) are increasingly being used to provide postoperative analgesia following laparotomy for colorectal surgery. Little is known about their efficacy in comparison with epidural infusion analgesia (EIA).
How do you treat an abdominal hematoma?The condition is usually treated conservatively with pain control and supportive treatment. In a few cases, arterial embolization or surgical intervention are required to stop the bleeding.
Article first time published onWhat are the 4 layers of abdominal muscles?
These muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall can be divided into four groups: the external obliques, the internal obliques, the transversus abdominis, and the rectus abdominis (Figure 16.16 and Table 16.6).
What are the layers of the abdominal wall?
There are nine layers to the abdominal wall: skin, subcutaneous tissue, superficial fascia, external oblique muscle, internal oblique muscle, transversus abdominis muscle, transversalis fascia, preperitoneal adipose and areolar tissue, and peritoneum.
What are the eight tissue layers of the abdominal wall?
- Skin.
- Subcutaneous tissue.
- Fascia. Camper’s fascia – fatty superficial layer. Scarpa’s fascia – deep fibrous layer. Superficial Abdominal fascia.
- Muscle. External oblique abdominal muscle. Internal oblique abdominal muscle. …
- Transversalis fascia.
- Extraperitoneal fat.
- Peritoneum.
What does rectus mean in medical terms?
Definition of rectus : any of several straight muscles (as of the abdomen)
What is the action of the rectus abdominis?
Function. The main actions for rectus abdominis are: Flexion of the trunk (flexion of thoracic and lumber spine), while it works by drawing pubic symphysis and sternum toward each other. Tense the anterior wall of the abdomen and assist in compressing the contents of the abdomen.
What is a sheath in the human body?
These sheaths are made of fibers of the transversus abdominis, internal abdominal oblique (IAO), and external abdominal oblique (EAO), which are muscles of the abdomen. These muscles come together at the linea alba, which is a tendon-like tissue that runs down the middle of the abdomen.
Where is rectus sheath deficient?
The inferior quarter of the posterior wall of the rectus sheath is deficient; the arcuate line forms the inferior border of the posterior wall of the rectus sheath. The arcuate line is midway between the umbilicus and the pubic crest.
What is sheath muscle?
[TA] a fibrous membrane, usually quite thin and devoid of fat, surrounding a single muscle, separating it from adjacent muscles and allowing movements between them; related to contraction. Synonym(s): fascia propria musculi [TA], muscle sheath.
How many layers is the rectus sheath?
Below the sheath are the following three layers: transversalis fascia. extraperitoneal fat.
What is rectus sheath hematoma?
Rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) results from accumulation of blood within the rectus sheath. Both conditions are rare but may mimic a number of acute intra-abdominal pathologies, warranting heightened suspicion and prompting diagnostic evaluation and management [2].
How do you top up a rectus sheath catheter?
Inject 3 ml 0.25% bupivacaine with 1:400,000 adrenalin down each catheter over 1 minute. Observe for adverse reaction (see below). Inject 17 ml 0.25% bupivacaine with 1:400,000 adrenalin down each catheter over1-2 minutes. Monitor for leakage during top-up.
How long does an abdominal nerve block last?
This will typically resolve in 1 week, but can last several weeks. After the injection, you can expect some pain relief. The duration of relief varies by patient. Some patients will experience long-term relief after one injection while other patients may need additional treatment.
How is a tap block performed?
The TAP block is performed by deposition of local anesthetic between the transversus abdominis muscle and the fascial layer superficial to it. Illustration depicting the placement of the ultrasound probe along the abdominal wall, and the ideal placement of local anesthetic.
What muscles contribute to the anterior rectus sheath?
The rectus sheath is composed of the aponeuroses of transversus abdominis, external oblique and internal oblique muscles, which form anterior and posterior layers of the sheath that fuse laterally at the linea semilunaris and in the midline at the linea alba.
What is Divarication of rectus abdominis muscles?
Divarication of the rectus is a condition where the rectus abdominis muscles are no longer located next to each other as they run up and down the abdomen from the breastbone (xyphoid) to the pubic bone (symphysis pubis).
Is rectus Diastasis considered a hernia?
A diastasis of the abdominal wall, (diastasis recti), is not a hernia. Clinically, a diastasis may look like a hernia in the sense that when the abdomen is flexed, there is a noticeable and cosmetically unpleasing bulge, usually located in the upper abdomen in the midline, above your belly button.
How long does it take for rectus sheath to heal?
The majority of patients recover well with no complications as the hematoma is reabsorbed in 2 to 3 months.
How do you treat rectus sheath hematoma?
Conservative treatment of rectus sheath hematoma includes rest; analgesics; hematoma compression; ice packs; treatment of predisposing conditions; and if necessary, more aggressive therapies of intravenous fluid resuscitation, reversal of anticoagulation, and transfusion.
Is a rectus sheath hematoma painful?
4. Conclusion. Although uncommon, rectus sheath hematoma is a significant cause of abdominal pain that can imitate surgical acute abdomen. Physicians should consider this diagnosis in patients with the above described predisposing factors.
What is peritoneal lining?
The peritoneum is the serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom in amniotes and some invertebrates, such as annelids. It covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs, and is composed of a layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue.
Is rectus abdominis superficial to internal oblique?
Below the costal margin, the upper three quarters of the aponeurosis of internal abdominal oblique muscle split into deep and superficial layers around the rectus abdominis muscle.
